In
Jon Stuart Mill’s piece, Utilitarianism, he begins by describing one of the basic
beliefs of utilitarianism; that pleasure and the absence of pain are the only
things good in and of themselves. In other words, pleasure is the only
intrinsically good thing. A utilitarian tries to promote the maximum happiness or
pleasure (I will use these words interchangeably) to the most people possible.
So if a man in prison is in pain because of an illness and the prison medical
staff is able to help him, they should relieve him of this pain. This is a
simple example of eliminating pain from the world and promoting pleasure.
However, it is precisely on the topic of prison that I have an issue. Let’s say
the man was sent to prison because he raped and killed a father’s daughter. Under
this view of utilitarianism, what should be the fate of this convicted rapist?
It will take away pleasure by sending him to prison, but then again he raped
and murdered a person. If sending the man to prison caused pleasure in the
daughters father, who’s pleasure takes precedence? To satisfy the happiness of
both parties, one could not send the rapist to prison and let him live a free
life but lie to the father that he did in fact go to prison. The father would
find pleasure in a lie and the rapist pleasure in a free life; but to the
average reader this situation does not feel right. The rapist should be punished for the terrible
things he did and the father shouldn’t
find comfort in a lie after losing his daughter. This sense of justice that we have
has been overlooked by Jon Mill. It also seems to have an intrinsic value like
pleasure.
"the rapist should be punished" I'll take issue right there. The rapist should be prevented from committing such heinous atrocity again, but punishment is sick and makes us no better than them. This sort of argument makes me feel like we never got past 'an eye for an eye' mentality. Should we punish someone when they do something wrong? Doesn't that justify their actions, which will virtually always be in the aftermath of a terrifying experience them-self? This perspective justifies the war/violent paradigm prevalent in today's society and I would much prefer we feel compassion for the victims along with justified anger And compassion for the aggressor. I'll put this simply and explicitly for anyone thinking it or not, there are no bad people. I think Mill would agree with the information we have today.
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